Paul Andrew Bourne, B.Sc. (Hons); Dip. Edu. The hegemonic categorization of the Jamaican landscape is primarily the justifiable reason for the sophisticated demonstrations and the social hemorrhaging of the masses. Many of those happenings are caused from the lack of monologue of the business constituents. This group of elitists has exponentially benefited from playing the proletariat class. They have not offered their clientele the respect of a voice on matters of social concerns or po...
Paul Andrew Bourne, B.Sc. (Hons); Dip. Edu. Many developing countries continue to grapple with deficient economic resources, reprehensible government policies and a robust hegemonic class that exploits the laboured class; with a social welfare system, that does not ameliorate the wellbeing of the poor. With time, it is revealed that the demagogues are primarily concerned with self, associates and the perpetuation of the status quo that oftentimes excludes the plebs. Such societies refr...
Paul Andrew Bourne, BSc. (Hons) Demography and Economics Fair trade" or "Fairtrade" aims to guarantee not just fair prices, but also the principles of ethical purchasing. These principles include adherence to [International Labour Organization] ILO agreements such as those banning child and slave labour, guaranteeing a safe workplace and the right to unionise, adherence to the United Nations charter of human rights, a fair price that will at least cover the cost of production and facili...
Paul Andrew Bourne, B.Sc. (Hons); Dip. Edu. INTRODUCTION Contemporary societies hold particular social prejudices through their interpretations of the world, which unfold in their actions, policies and thesis. Many systems are designed against stated groups. Single mothers are oftentimes viewed as outcast, and if they are young – the label is ‘whore’. This group is marginalized by societies in comparison to the orthodox married couple. Businesses’ policies, directly or indi...
Paul Andrew Bourne, B.Sc. (Hons); Dip. Edu. The W.H.O must be credited for its involvement in advancing women’s ‘rights’ more so in the area of freedom of reproductive choices, and its effort in the coinage of a conceptualization on the phenomenon. This organization coupled with the United Nations (UN) has extensive researched population issues. They have spearheaded a number of conference to which policy papers have been fashioned and issues have germinated that will address many ...
Paul Andrew Bourne, Dip. Edu; B.Sc. (Hons) Adam Smith and other classical theorists examined determinants of development and their influence on peoples’ well-being, effectively giving birth to the theoretical construal of development as an economic phenomenon. They inferred that development was a function of economic indicators: such as, economic growth; stable prices; good budgetary management, and proper fiscal and monetary management. Those classical economists’ conceptualization...
Paul Andrew Bourne, B.Sc. (Hons); Dip. Edu. Capitalist ideology is the main source of interpreting the socio-political world since the late fifteenth century. (Addo, 1985, p.20) This Eurocentric edifice is generally promulgated as the ontology of this social and physical universe. Europe has not governed the world since its inception but their philosophy is so similar to that of the Greek-imperialism, the Roman-supremacy and the Babylonian-dominance but the former has made its theori...
I sat in my homeland just looking at the gods’ majestic creations in amazement when a voice muttered “Look to the other side!” It was then that I understood ‘That all men are not created equally’, for a black expression was kept struggling against the winds without that proud ancestral stride All that’s theirs – recycled promises food waters not the thirst for the same place, everything offered them was for the belly’s needs and, that heats thunderous hurt. What enc...
The Hillside Eco-tourism project, Jamaica By Paul Andrew Bourne, M.Sc. (pending); B.Sc. (Hons.); Dip. Edu. Background and Demographic profile Hillside is a rural community in the inner part of St. Thomas, Jamaica. The community is adjacent to Serge Island Farms and the community of White Hall. The Farm is to the east and White Hall to the peak, north of the district. Hillside is at the base of the famous Blue Mountain Peak range some 42 miles easterly of Kingston, 10 miles westerly...
PAUL ANDREW BOURNE, B.Sc. (Hons), Dip Edu. INTRODUCTION Drug use among our nations’ youth has become the focus of concern in our schools. With the widespread availability and enormous variety of drugs, serious implications are placed on the society. Kleber (1994) confirmed that the use and abuse of drugs is a critical issue in most societies and it is associated with social and economic consequences. The desire to pursue this study is based on prevailing concern of the prevalence of subst...
Paul Bourne, Bsc. (Hons.); Dip. Edu. INTRODUCTION “One key feature of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) Programme of Action is a move towards a holistic approach to reproductive health, away from the verticality of population programmes. The vision was of a health system and a social structure that make choices available and address difficult cultural aspects that produce female genital mutilation and other forms of violence against women.” ...
Paul Andrew Bourne, M.Sc. (pending); B.Sc. (Hons.); Dip. Edu. INTRODUCTION Booth (1994) wrote that, “in the early 1980s there was a widely share sense that social research and theorizing about development had reached some kind of impasse.” He continued that “crucial real-world questions were not being addressed and the gulf between academic inquiry and the various spheres of development policy and practice had widened to the point where practitioners were raising fundamental do...
By Paul Andrew Bourne, MSc. (candidate); BSc. (Hons.); Dip. Edu. The government of Jamaica and by extension the ruling People’s National Party (PNP) through the Minister of Education, the Most Honourable Mrs. Maxine Henry-Wilson, recently took a principled and land marked position. They agreed in allowing all the current students (May 2004) of the University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, to write their April/May 2004 examinations despite the candidates’ inability to pay their tui...
By Paul Andrew Bourne, B.Sc. (Hons), U.W.I.; Dip. Edu. According to Bourne (2005) in ‘A phenomenal Fallacy: The First Reflection’ wrote, “Instead, the focus seems to be an advanced version of the undergraduate course FD10A with a dosage of research [writing] technique” which speaks to a number of issues in the graduate language programme. The viewpoint expressed by Bourne arose from the author’s critique of the graduate language, SY69A, course outline and a profound awareness of the u...
By Paul Andrew Bourne, M.Sc. (pending); B.Sc. (Hons); Dip. Edu. The Keynote speaker at the ninth Bob Marley lecture was Dr. Patricia Anderson, sociologist within the Department of Sociology, Psychology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mona Campus, University of the West Indies. Pat Anderson formulated her presentation around the theme “Govament Yaad”. The session took the form of a historical background to physical infrastructure and social issues of low-income individuals, t...